Navigating the skies to net zero: Decarbonizing the aviation industry

Recognizing its significant impact on climate change, the aviation industry is embarking on an ambitious journey towards decarbonization. The industry has collectively pledged to achieve net-zero carbon emissions by 2050, with some airlines targeting 2040.

Aviation currently accounts for about 2.5% of global CO2 emissions, largely due to a reliance on fossil-based fuel. If the industry continues on its current path, it could contribute to a staggering 22% of global emissions by 2050. This makes embracing sustainability strategies and climate solutions, like sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), crucial for reaching decarbonization goals.

A global concern

Aviation faces tough challenges on the path to decarbonization. The sector’s growth, driven by rising air travel demand, heavily relies on fossil fuels, complicating the transition to alternative energy. Including the impact of contrails (trails of condensed water vapor created by jet engines), aviation has contributed 4% to global warming, highlighting the need for urgent action to meet the Paris Agreement’s 1.5°C global warming target.

The regulatory landscape

Stricter regulations and compliance measures are essential for achieving net-zero emissions. Governments worldwide are adopting initiatives like the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA) to stabilize net CO2 emissions from international flights. These regulations hold the aviation industry accountable for reducing its carbon footprint and incentivize accelerated efforts towards sustainability.

A multifaceted approach to sustainability

Decarbonizing aviation requires a comprehensive sustainability strategy. Airlines and the industry must invest in several areas, including fleet renewal, technological advancements, system-wide operational efficiencies, and increased use of SAF. Certified climate projects aimed at reducing or removing carbon will also play a part in an airline’s multifaceted climate strategies.

The promising role of SAF

Sustainable aviation fuel is a critical short-term lever for decarbonizing aviation. Derived from renewable sources like biomass, algae, and waste materials, SAF can reduce lifecycle carbon emissions by up to 80% compared to traditional jet fuel. Notably, SAF is compatible with existing aircraft, making it an immediately feasible option for the industry.

However, SAF currently accounts for less than 1% of global jet fuel demand. To achieve net zero by 2050, SAF usage must increase to 13-15% by 2040. Meeting this demand requires building 300-400 new SAF plants. Scaling SAF adoption, production, and distribution requires significant investment, research, and development, as well as collaboration among airlines, producers, and governments.

Decarbonization in the aviation industry is essential for a more sustainable and environmentally friendly future. Despite challenges and substantial investment needs, SAF remains one of the most impactful solutions available today.